Federal Government and FEMA Response
The federal government coordinated the largest disaster response under the Department of Homeland Security. FEMA deployed over 18,000 personnel and managed more than $125 billion in public assistance funds across multiple states. The agency worked directly with state emergency management offices to distribute resources, establish shelters, and coordinate logistics for displaced residents. For detailed breakdowns of federal disaster declarations and spending, see the official FEMA disaster declaration records here.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers played a critical role in restoring infrastructure, particularly levees, floodwalls, and drainage systems in the New Orleans metropolitan area. The Department of Defense provided active-duty military support, including engineering battalions, helicopter lift capacity, and security operations. The Department of Housing and Urban Development administered billions in Community Development Block Grant-Disaster Recovery funds to rebuild housing and local economies.
Major Nonprofit Organizations and Charities
The American Red Cross was the largest single nonprofit responder, operating over 1,600 shelters and distributing more than 17 million meals and snacks during the initial relief phase. The Salvation Army deployed over 17,000 volunteers and provided more than 50 million meals throughout the recovery period. Habitat for Humanity launched a sustained rebuilding program, constructing and repairing thousands of homes across Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama over the following decade.
Operation Blessing International delivered medical supplies, clean water, and temporary housing materials directly to affected communities. The United Way of Southeast Louisiana established long-term recovery committees that coordinated local nonprofit efforts and distributed billions in grant funding for rebuilding. The Baton Rouge Area Foundation created the Louisiana Recovery Fund, which awarded over $500 million in grants to nonprofit organizations working on housing, education, and economic recovery.
Private Sector and Corporate Contributions
Major corporations contributed billions of dollars in direct donations, matching employee gifts, and in-kind support. Walmart donated over $30 million in cash and product while using its supply chain to deliver emergency goods to affected areas. The Home Depot Foundation committed over $150 million for long-term rebuilding and established a dedicated disaster relief team to coordinate contractor and material donations.
Insurance companies processed over 1.7 million claims totaling more than $40 billion in payouts, with major carriers including State Farm, Allstate, and Liberty Mutual providing rapid financial assistance to homeowners and businesses. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners worked with state regulators to streamline claim processes and prevent fraud. Energy companies including Shell, BP, and ExxonMobil provided fuel, equipment, and financial support for temporary power generation and infrastructure repair here.